汽油批发价下跌,零售价上涨
The wholesale price of gasoline decreased while the retail price increased
发布于2011-10-21 19:08 | 次阅读
Released on 2011-10-21 19:08 | readings
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中国汽油出现了批发价和零售价脱节的骇人一幕。

在一个月之内,为了和国际原油市场“接轨”,汽油零售价已经两度上涨,上月22日,国家发展改革委宣布提高国内成品油价格,比如广东的93号汽油零售价突破7元,涨到7.05元/升。而本月8日,油价又被抬升,还是以广东为例,本次调整后,广州、深圳市销售的粤Ⅳ标准90号、93号、97号汽油的最高销售价格分别为6.69元/升、7.21元/升和7.81元/升,与现行国Ⅲ标准汽油相比,分别提高了0.15元、0.16元和0.18元。

但是和汽油零售价不断上涨趋势相反的是,汽油的批发价却持续下滑。广东油气商会油品部姚达明说:“上周,国Ⅲ标准的93号汽油批发价是8000~8400元/吨,价格指数同比上上周又下跌了0.6%;国Ⅲ97号汽油8400~8800元/吨,环比下跌0.6%。” 根据发改委最高批发价限价,目前97号汽油的最高批发价是9713元,最高零售价是10013元;如今,93号汽油市场批发价距离发改委规定的最高批发价已经有1200元/吨的差价,97号则有1300元/吨的差价,但大多数油站的零售价仍然执行发改委的最高零售价。这意味着,油站每吨汽油已经可以赚1500~1600元,远远高于发改委当初设定的300元/吨的盈利空间。

姚达明解释说,汽油批发价连续下降的原因是因为,迄今柴油仍然十分紧张,炼油企业不得不继续加大对原油的提炼,柴油供应增加了的同时,也会增加汽油的供应量。“按现在的局面发展下去,炼油企业如果无利可图,就必然会缩减汽油的出产量,一旦市场需求加大,还有可能导致汽油荒。”一位业内人士警告。

实际上,中国的汽油价格一直都未理顺,据《中国经济新闻》2007年47期中报道,当时的国家发改委便试图通过价格调整来理顺成品油价格,减少炼油环节的损失,缓和因为受国际市场影响而造成的中国国内包括汽油在内的成品油的供应趋紧形式,但是四年之后,在在实现原油价格与国际市场接轨基础上,国内的汽油价格仍旧没有理顺,出现这种不正常的状况的原因是什么呢?

一位业内人士说:“上调成品油价格就是为了弥补国际原油价格上涨对炼油企业带来的成本压力,现在成品油价格连续上调,炼油厂批出来的价格却还在下滑。这意味着炼油企业未能从成品油价格上调中获益,却让消费者为此次上调价格‘买单’。”“我们不能说每次调价都会出现这样的情况,但是确实常常可以看到,”姚达明表示,“其根本原因在于,中国成品油定价机制与原油市场紧密接轨,但与国内成品油销售情况关系不甚紧密,某些时候甚至会出现背离,正如现在的汽油市场。” 

There is great gap between the wholesale price and the retail price of the gasoline in China.

Just within one month, the retail price of gasoline in China has increased twice in order to fulfill the “convergence “with the international oil market. On February of last month, National Development and Reform Commission announced increases in domestic oil prices, for example, the retail price of Guangdong's No.93 gasoline exceeded 7 Yuan, rising to 7.05 Yuan / liter. On the 8th day of this month, oil has been lifted again, and take Guangdong for example again, after this adjustment, the highest retail price of Guangdong Ⅳ standard No.90, 93, 97, gasoline in Guangzhou and Shenzhen was 6.69 Yuan / liter, 7.21 Yuan / liter and 7.81 Yuan / liter, increasing by 0.15 Yuan, 0.16 Yuan and 0.18 Yuan respectly, compared with existing national Ⅲ standard gasoline.
 

But by contrast with the rising trend of the retail price of gasoline, the wholesale price of gasoline has continued to decline. Daming Yao in Ministry of Oil and Gas Association of Guangdong said: "Last week, the wholesale price of No. 93 gasoline with international standard is 8000 ~ 8400 Yuan / ton, the price index fell again last week with 0.6%. China No.97 price is 8400 ~ gasoline 8800 Yuan / ton, with 0.6% decrease. " According to the maximum wholesale price the Development and Reform Commission has decided, the highest wholesale price of current gasoline No.97 is 9713 Yuan, while the highest retail price is 10,013 Yuan; and now, the wholesale price of gasoline 93 has surpassed the maximum wholesale price the Development and Reform Commission decided with 1,200 Yuan / ton, No.97 is 1,300 Yuan / ton, but the retail price of most petrol stations was still the maximum price the Development and Reform Commission has decided. This means that petrol stations could earn 1500 to 1600 Yuan per ton of gasoline, the profit margins was higher than the 300 Yuan / ton the Development and Reform Commission has decided.
 

Daming Yao explained that the reason of continuous decline in the wholesale price of gasoline is that so far the supply of diesel is still very tight and the oil refining enterprises have to continue to increase the refining of crude oil; with the increasing of diesel oil supply, the gasoline supply also increased." According to the present situation, the oil refining business is not profitable, and they will inevitably reduce the yield of gasoline; and once the market demand increased, it may also lead to fuel shortage. “one insider warned.
 

In fact, the problem of China's gasoline prices has existed for long. According to China Economic News reported in 47th issue of 2007 , the Development and Reform Commission at that time managed to make adjustment of refined oil price, reducing the losses of the refining sector, to mitigate the gasoline supply tight of China's domestic oil products including gasoline due to the impact of the international market; but four years later, after the crude oil price matching that in international market, the domestic price of gasoline is still not straightened out, what’s the reason of this abnormal situation?
 

An industry source said: "The increase in oil prices is to compensate for the cost pressures because of the rising prices of international crude oil refinery, and with the prices of refined oil was lifting now, the price of gasoline from refinery batch is still in decline. This situation means that refiners failed to benefit from oil price increases, and the consumer has to 'pay' for the price increases.” “We cannot say that this sort of situation will happen in every price adjustment, but it is rare, "saying Daming Yao," The fundamental reason is that China's refined oil pricing mechanism aligns closely with the crude oil market, but its relationship with the domestic oil product sales was not close, sometimes there is even divergence, as the current gasoline market has showed."

中国汽油出现了批发价和零售价脱节的骇人一幕。

在一个月之内,为了和国际原油市场“接轨”,汽油零售价已经两度上涨,上月22日,国家发展改革委宣布提高国内成品油价格,比如广东的93号汽油零售价突破7元,涨到7.05元/升。而本月8日,油价又被抬升,还是以广东为例,本次调整后,广州、深圳市销售的粤Ⅳ标准90号、93号、97号汽油的最高销售价格分别为6.69元/升、7.21元/升和7.81元/升,与现行国Ⅲ标准汽油相比,分别提高了0.15元、0.16元和0.18元。

但是和汽油零售价不断上涨趋势相反的是,汽油的批发价却持续下滑。广东油气商会油品部姚达明说:“上周,国Ⅲ标准的93号汽油批发价是8000~8400元/吨,价格指数同比上上周又下跌了0.6%;国Ⅲ97号汽油8400~8800元/吨,环比下跌0.6%。” 根据发改委最高批发价限价,目前97号汽油的最高批发价是9713元,最高零售价是10013元;如今,93号汽油市场批发价距离发改委规定的最高批发价已经有1200元/吨的差价,97号则有1300元/吨的差价,但大多数油站的零售价仍然执行发改委的最高零售价。这意味着,油站每吨汽油已经可以赚1500~1600元,远远高于发改委当初设定的300元/吨的盈利空间。

姚达明解释说,汽油批发价连续下降的原因是因为,迄今柴油仍然十分紧张,炼油企业不得不继续加大对原油的提炼,柴油供应增加了的同时,也会增加汽油的供应量。“按现在的局面发展下去,炼油企业如果无利可图,就必然会缩减汽油的出产量,一旦市场需求加大,还有可能导致汽油荒。”一位业内人士警告。

实际上,中国的汽油价格一直都未理顺,据《中国经济新闻》2007年47期中报道,当时的国家发改委便试图通过价格调整来理顺成品油价格,减少炼油环节的损失,缓和因为受国际市场影响而造成的中国国内包括汽油在内的成品油的供应趋紧形式,但是四年之后,在在实现原油价格与国际市场接轨基础上,国内的汽油价格仍旧没有理顺,出现这种不正常的状况的原因是什么呢?

一位业内人士说:“上调成品油价格就是为了弥补国际原油价格上涨对炼油企业带来的成本压力,现在成品油价格连续上调,炼油厂批出来的价格却还在下滑。这意味着炼油企业未能从成品油价格上调中获益,却让消费者为此次上调价格‘买单’。”“我们不能说每次调价都会出现这样的情况,但是确实常常可以看到,”姚达明表示,“其根本原因在于,中国成品油定价机制与原油市场紧密接轨,但与国内成品油销售情况关系不甚紧密,某些时候甚至会出现背离,正如现在的汽油市场。” 

There is great gap between the wholesale price and the retail price of the gasoline in China.

Just within one month, the retail price of gasoline in China has increased twice in order to fulfill the “convergence “with the international oil market. On February of last month, National Development and Reform Commission announced increases in domestic oil prices, for example, the retail price of Guangdong's No.93 gasoline exceeded 7 Yuan, rising to 7.05 Yuan / liter. On the 8th day of this month, oil has been lifted again, and take Guangdong for example again, after this adjustment, the highest retail price of Guangdong Ⅳ standard No.90, 93, 97, gasoline in Guangzhou and Shenzhen was 6.69 Yuan / liter, 7.21 Yuan / liter and 7.81 Yuan / liter, increasing by 0.15 Yuan, 0.16 Yuan and 0.18 Yuan respectly, compared with existing national Ⅲ standard gasoline.
 

But by contrast with the rising trend of the retail price of gasoline, the wholesale price of gasoline has continued to decline. Daming Yao in Ministry of Oil and Gas Association of Guangdong said: "Last week, the wholesale price of No. 93 gasoline with international standard is 8000 ~ 8400 Yuan / ton, the price index fell again last week with 0.6%. China No.97 price is 8400 ~ gasoline 8800 Yuan / ton, with 0.6% decrease. " According to the maximum wholesale price the Development and Reform Commission has decided, the highest wholesale price of current gasoline No.97 is 9713 Yuan, while the highest retail price is 10,013 Yuan; and now, the wholesale price of gasoline 93 has surpassed the maximum wholesale price the Development and Reform Commission decided with 1,200 Yuan / ton, No.97 is 1,300 Yuan / ton, but the retail price of most petrol stations was still the maximum price the Development and Reform Commission has decided. This means that petrol stations could earn 1500 to 1600 Yuan per ton of gasoline, the profit margins was higher than the 300 Yuan / ton the Development and Reform Commission has decided.
 

Daming Yao explained that the reason of continuous decline in the wholesale price of gasoline is that so far the supply of diesel is still very tight and the oil refining enterprises have to continue to increase the refining of crude oil; with the increasing of diesel oil supply, the gasoline supply also increased." According to the present situation, the oil refining business is not profitable, and they will inevitably reduce the yield of gasoline; and once the market demand increased, it may also lead to fuel shortage. “one insider warned.
 

In fact, the problem of China's gasoline prices has existed for long. According to China Economic News reported in 47th issue of 2007 , the Development and Reform Commission at that time managed to make adjustment of refined oil price, reducing the losses of the refining sector, to mitigate the gasoline supply tight of China's domestic oil products including gasoline due to the impact of the international market; but four years later, after the crude oil price matching that in international market, the domestic price of gasoline is still not straightened out, what’s the reason of this abnormal situation?
 

An industry source said: "The increase in oil prices is to compensate for the cost pressures because of the rising prices of international crude oil refinery, and with the prices of refined oil was lifting now, the price of gasoline from refinery batch is still in decline. This situation means that refiners failed to benefit from oil price increases, and the consumer has to 'pay' for the price increases.” “We cannot say that this sort of situation will happen in every price adjustment, but it is rare, "saying Daming Yao," The fundamental reason is that China's refined oil pricing mechanism aligns closely with the crude oil market, but its relationship with the domestic oil product sales was not close, sometimes there is even divergence, as the current gasoline market has showed."

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