家电出口不景气,行业面临升级挑战
Household Appliances Export Slumps, the Industry Is Facing Challenges to Upgrade
发布于2011-10-24 15:43 | 次阅读
Released on 2011-10-24 15:43 | readings
  • 中英文对照
  • 中文
  • English

中国机电产品进出口商会家电行业部主任刘永强日前在中国机电产品进出口商会发布会上说:“总体上说,去年家电行业增速呈现前高后低态势,全年大部分家电产品外贸规模均创出了历史新高,但这不能说明,今年的家电出口形势就是一片大好。当前,家电利润水平极低,受原材料价格上涨等因素影响,家电行业传统格局将会面临全新洗牌。而今年,很可能是出口形势最为复杂和严峻的一年。”他分析,今年家电出口量会在2010年的基础上增幅收窄,但仍会呈现季节性前高后低的态势。

中国的机电产品的出口形势一直比较乐观,据《中国经济新闻》2007年13期报道,中国在汽车零部件,船舶和工程机械的出口一直居世界领先地位。《中国经济新闻》2008年5期又报道,中国机电产品进出口当年便增长了22%。但是,据统计,2010年第四季度家电行业五个子行业的景气指数均表现一般,空调、微波炉和洗衣机景气指数一般向好,高于基准值,冰箱冰柜以及彩电行业一般向差,低于基准值。对于今年一季度出口预期,空调、微波炉第四季度出口信心指数超出一般,表现较好,高于其他子行业。另据介绍,2010年1~11月,洗衣机出口增长30%,出口量同比增长翻番。但是冰箱与彩电第四季度的景气度明显偏低,冰箱在季节性销量走低的影响下,还受到更多主要出口国需求放缓的影响,而彩电产品则是出口同比增幅收窄,主要是因为2009年下半年出口量出现补偿性增长形成了高基点。

但是,在此情况下,家电生产成本依旧难以控制。刘永强指出,当前人民币汇率、原材料价格以及劳动力成本的提高等原因使得企业盈利空间受到更为严峻的考验。虽然现在已经有厂家开始调整新一年的出口价格,但高涨的制造及贸易成本,以及变幻的外贸环境,使价格调整所起的作用只能是杯水车薪。此外,据分析,除原材料因素等重要因素外,品牌的缺失也是洗衣机行业复苏乏力的重要原因,当前洗衣机行业大部分企业仍停留在贴牌代工的出口模式中,此种模式短期内难以改变。

因此,尽管当前我国的家电出口量已经居于全球首位,这种情况会导致产品转型升级逐渐加快。根据机电商会的调查分析,由于面对难以掌握的劳动力、原材料等成本的复杂变化,中国作为全球家电制造中心地位正在经受考验。从进出口数据来看,中国的家电产业出口依存度已经非常高。在国内外经济环境变动频繁,不利因素增多的前提下,企业有必要提高对这种潜在的危机的认识,加快产品转型升级。

据相关人士介绍,当前中国家电行业的升级主要围绕的是三个方面,即节能、环保以及高端。这其中,太阳能技术、变频技术,以及制冷剂替换,还有LED技术和网络化等等,都是当前家电行业未来的突破方向。

Import and Export Assicoation of, said in one Conference: "Generally speaking, the appliance industry growth rate last year showed the state of ‘low after high’, the size of the trading scale of most of the foreign appliances this year had hit the highest record in history, but this does not mean that this year's export situation is good. Currently, the profit level of household appliances is very low,affected by the rising raw material prices and other factors, and the traditional pattern of household appliances industry will face a new shuffle. This year, the export situation is likely to be the most complex and difficult”. He analyzed that in this year, the increasing rates of home appliance exports will be narrower than that of 2010, but still with the seasonal trend of “high to low” situation.

The situation of China’s export of electromechanical products has been relatively optimistic during a long period. According to China Economic News reported in the 13th issue in 2007, China's auto parts, ships and construction machinery exports have been a world leader. And the 5th issue of China Economic News in 2008 reported that trading amount of China’s mechanical and electrical products increased 22% that year.  However, according to statistics, the sentiment index of five sub-sectors of the appliance industry expressing in the fourth quarter in 2010 is mediocre, sentiment index of air conditioners, microwave ovens and washing machines is generally in better climate, higher than the reference value, and the performance of fridge freezer and TV industry is poor, lower than the reference value. For the export expectation of the first quarter of this year, the confidence index of air conditioners, microwave ovens exceeded the fourth quarter of exports in general, performing better than other sub-sectors. It was introduced that from January to November in 2010, the washing machine export increased by 30%, doubled the number of last year. However, affected by the seasoning elements and the lenient demand of main exporting countries, the situation of the export of refrigerator and color TV in the fourth quarter is not good. On the other side, the increase of export of TV Products is slower, because there is compensatory growth of the export volume in the second half of 2009.

However, in this case, the production cost of home appliances is still difficult to control. Yongqian Liu pointed out that the current RMB exchange rate, raw material prices, labor costs and other elements create more severe test for corporate to make profits. Although manufacturers have started to adjust the export price in the New Year, but the high cost of manufacturing and trade, and changing trading environment make the effects of price adjustment to be a drop in the bucket. Besides the elements of raw materials, according the analysis, the lack of brand is also the important reason of the weak recovery of washing machine industry. Most of the current washing machine industry enterprises are still stuck in the ODM export mode, which cannot changed in short period.

Thus, although the current export volume of China's home appliance has become the first in the world, this situation will also gradually speed up the transformation and upgrading of the product. According to the investigation and analysis of Electrical Association, in the face of the complex change of labor, raw materials cost which is not easy to grasp, the role of China as the world's home appliance manufacturing center is tested seriously. Viewing from the import and export data, China's home appliance industry highly depend the export. Under the premise of frequent changes in domestic and international economic environment and the increasing unfavorable factors, companies need to raise awareness of this potential crisis, therefore accelerating the transformation and upgrading of product.

According to the relevant persons, there are three aspects to upgrade the current Chinese home appliance industry: energy saving, environmental protection and high-end. Among these, solar technology, inverter technology, replacement refrigerants, as well as LED technology and networking, etc., are current breakthrough for the future direction of the appliance industry.

中国机电产品进出口商会家电行业部主任刘永强日前在中国机电产品进出口商会发布会上说:“总体上说,去年家电行业增速呈现前高后低态势,全年大部分家电产品外贸规模均创出了历史新高,但这不能说明,今年的家电出口形势就是一片大好。当前,家电利润水平极低,受原材料价格上涨等因素影响,家电行业传统格局将会面临全新洗牌。而今年,很可能是出口形势最为复杂和严峻的一年。”他分析,今年家电出口量会在2010年的基础上增幅收窄,但仍会呈现季节性前高后低的态势。

中国的机电产品的出口形势一直比较乐观,据《中国经济新闻》2007年13期报道,中国在汽车零部件,船舶和工程机械的出口一直居世界领先地位。《中国经济新闻》2008年5期又报道,中国机电产品进出口当年便增长了22%。但是,据统计,2010年第四季度家电行业五个子行业的景气指数均表现一般,空调、微波炉和洗衣机景气指数一般向好,高于基准值,冰箱冰柜以及彩电行业一般向差,低于基准值。对于今年一季度出口预期,空调、微波炉第四季度出口信心指数超出一般,表现较好,高于其他子行业。另据介绍,2010年1~11月,洗衣机出口增长30%,出口量同比增长翻番。但是冰箱与彩电第四季度的景气度明显偏低,冰箱在季节性销量走低的影响下,还受到更多主要出口国需求放缓的影响,而彩电产品则是出口同比增幅收窄,主要是因为2009年下半年出口量出现补偿性增长形成了高基点。

但是,在此情况下,家电生产成本依旧难以控制。刘永强指出,当前人民币汇率、原材料价格以及劳动力成本的提高等原因使得企业盈利空间受到更为严峻的考验。虽然现在已经有厂家开始调整新一年的出口价格,但高涨的制造及贸易成本,以及变幻的外贸环境,使价格调整所起的作用只能是杯水车薪。此外,据分析,除原材料因素等重要因素外,品牌的缺失也是洗衣机行业复苏乏力的重要原因,当前洗衣机行业大部分企业仍停留在贴牌代工的出口模式中,此种模式短期内难以改变。

因此,尽管当前我国的家电出口量已经居于全球首位,这种情况会导致产品转型升级逐渐加快。根据机电商会的调查分析,由于面对难以掌握的劳动力、原材料等成本的复杂变化,中国作为全球家电制造中心地位正在经受考验。从进出口数据来看,中国的家电产业出口依存度已经非常高。在国内外经济环境变动频繁,不利因素增多的前提下,企业有必要提高对这种潜在的危机的认识,加快产品转型升级。

据相关人士介绍,当前中国家电行业的升级主要围绕的是三个方面,即节能、环保以及高端。这其中,太阳能技术、变频技术,以及制冷剂替换,还有LED技术和网络化等等,都是当前家电行业未来的突破方向。

Import and Export Assicoation of, said in one Conference: "Generally speaking, the appliance industry growth rate last year showed the state of ‘low after high’, the size of the trading scale of most of the foreign appliances this year had hit the highest record in history, but this does not mean that this year's export situation is good. Currently, the profit level of household appliances is very low,affected by the rising raw material prices and other factors, and the traditional pattern of household appliances industry will face a new shuffle. This year, the export situation is likely to be the most complex and difficult”. He analyzed that in this year, the increasing rates of home appliance exports will be narrower than that of 2010, but still with the seasonal trend of “high to low” situation.

The situation of China’s export of electromechanical products has been relatively optimistic during a long period. According to China Economic News reported in the 13th issue in 2007, China's auto parts, ships and construction machinery exports have been a world leader. And the 5th issue of China Economic News in 2008 reported that trading amount of China’s mechanical and electrical products increased 22% that year.  However, according to statistics, the sentiment index of five sub-sectors of the appliance industry expressing in the fourth quarter in 2010 is mediocre, sentiment index of air conditioners, microwave ovens and washing machines is generally in better climate, higher than the reference value, and the performance of fridge freezer and TV industry is poor, lower than the reference value. For the export expectation of the first quarter of this year, the confidence index of air conditioners, microwave ovens exceeded the fourth quarter of exports in general, performing better than other sub-sectors. It was introduced that from January to November in 2010, the washing machine export increased by 30%, doubled the number of last year. However, affected by the seasoning elements and the lenient demand of main exporting countries, the situation of the export of refrigerator and color TV in the fourth quarter is not good. On the other side, the increase of export of TV Products is slower, because there is compensatory growth of the export volume in the second half of 2009.

However, in this case, the production cost of home appliances is still difficult to control. Yongqian Liu pointed out that the current RMB exchange rate, raw material prices, labor costs and other elements create more severe test for corporate to make profits. Although manufacturers have started to adjust the export price in the New Year, but the high cost of manufacturing and trade, and changing trading environment make the effects of price adjustment to be a drop in the bucket. Besides the elements of raw materials, according the analysis, the lack of brand is also the important reason of the weak recovery of washing machine industry. Most of the current washing machine industry enterprises are still stuck in the ODM export mode, which cannot changed in short period.

Thus, although the current export volume of China's home appliance has become the first in the world, this situation will also gradually speed up the transformation and upgrading of the product. According to the investigation and analysis of Electrical Association, in the face of the complex change of labor, raw materials cost which is not easy to grasp, the role of China as the world's home appliance manufacturing center is tested seriously. Viewing from the import and export data, China's home appliance industry highly depend the export. Under the premise of frequent changes in domestic and international economic environment and the increasing unfavorable factors, companies need to raise awareness of this potential crisis, therefore accelerating the transformation and upgrading of product.

According to the relevant persons, there are three aspects to upgrade the current Chinese home appliance industry: energy saving, environmental protection and high-end. Among these, solar technology, inverter technology, replacement refrigerants, as well as LED technology and networking, etc., are current breakthrough for the future direction of the appliance industry.

上一篇 下一篇
对本篇文章的质量打分

当前平均分:打分后显示!

-5-4-3-2-1012345
对本文发表评论
点击刷新点击刷新
评论仅代表网友本人的观点,不代表中国经济新闻立场。